In humans, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is caused by
Correct answer: A. Prions
- A. Prions
- B. Viroid
- C. Retrovirus
- D. Bacteriophage
Explanation
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans is caused by prions, which are infectious proteins. Prions cause neurodegenerative diseases by inducing abnormal folding of certain normal cellular proteins, primarily found in the brain. This misfolding leads to brain damage and the characteristic symptoms of CJD. Other options, such as viroids, retroviruses, and bacteriophages, do not cause CJD: viroids infect plants, retroviruses insert their RNA into host DNA and are related to diseases like HIV, and bacteriophages infect bacteria.
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About Viruses
Viruses are acellular infectious particles made of genetic material enclosed by a protein capsid, sometimes with a lipid envelope. Their replication depends on a host cell and may follow lytic or lysogenic cycles, so viral structure and reproduction differ fundamentally from those of cellular organisms such as bacteria.
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