Asked in a 2001 paper

In an example of information technology affecting political outcomes, the president of the Philippines was swept from office in 2001 as a result of:

Correct answer: D. huge protests organized through text messages

  • A. television talk shows that criticized his regime
  • B. the people's access to Western broadcasts like CNN
  • C. the failure of the regime to use new media to broadcast its messages
  • D. huge protests organized through text messages

Explanation

In the Philippines in 2001, large demonstrations were coordinated through mobile-phone text messages, helping mobilize opposition to President Joseph Estrada. This became an early example of new communication technology influencing political change.

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