Immediate settlement beneath a foundation is primarily caused by:
Correct answer: C. Distortion of the soil mass
- A. Chemical weathering of minerals
- B. Expulsion of water from clay
- C. Distortion of the soil mass
- D. Long-term cementation of particles
Explanation
Immediate settlement occurs mainly from elastic deformation and distortion of the soil soon after loading. Expulsion of water from saturated clay is associated with consolidation settlement over time.
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About Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Soil mechanics examines index properties, phase relationships, classification, permeability, seepage, compaction, consolidation, shear strength and earth pressure. Foundations apply these principles to bearing capacity, settlement and shallow or deep foundation selection, with clear distinction between compaction, which expels air, and consolidation, which expels water over time.
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