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If heat equal to 0.1 J is provided to the gas contained in a cylinder and it expands through 0.1m3 at 1N/m2 then its internal energy:

Correct answer: C. Remains the same

  • A. Increases
  • B. Decreases
  • C. Remains the same
  • D. Decreases by 0.1 J

Explanation

Since the heat added equals the work done, the internal energy does not change.Therefore, this option is correct. Use the first law of thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W, where:ΔU = change in internal energyQ = heat added to the system (0.1 J)W = work done by the system (PΔV)W = PΔV = 1 N/m² × 0.1 m³ = 0.1 JΔU = 0.1 J - 0.1 J = 0 J since the change in internal energy is 0 so thats means it remains the same

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About First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.

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