Identification tests for functional groups of organic compounds are associated with specific observations. Tollen's reagent is an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution, which is used for the identification of a functional group X with an observation O. Identify X and O.
Correct answer: A. X = Aldehyde O = Silver mirror
- A. X = Aldehyde O = Silver mirror
- B. X = Ketone, O = Grey precipitate
- C. X = Ketone, O = Silver mirror
- D. X = Aldehyde O = Red precipitate
Explanation
Tollens reagent test is also known as the silver mirror test. It cannot react with ketones but it reacts with aldehydes, thereby identifying the aldehyde functional group. Upon reacting, the silver precipitates as a silver mirror which coats the bottom of the test tube. Hence, option A is the correct answer as it is the only one with both correct functional group and observation.
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About Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain the polar carbonyl group, but aldehydes are generally more readily oxidised and more reactive than ketones. Coverage includes preparation by oxidation or reduction routes, nucleophilic addition of reagents such as hydrogen cyanide and bisulfite, and tests that distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
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