Hydration energy is the heat evolved or absorbed when:
Correct answer: C. one mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in water to give infinitely dilute solution
- A. one mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in one mole of water
- B. one mole of ions in solid state is dissolved in one mole of water.
- C. one mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in water to give infinitely dilute solution
- D. one mole of ions in solid state is dissolved to form concentrated solution
Explanation
Hydration energy is defined as 'the energy released when one mole of gaseous ions dissolves in water to give an infinitely dilute solution'. Infinitely dilute solution can be defined as the term in which a solution contains so much solvent that if one adds more solvent to it, there will be no change in the concentration of the solution. Attraction occurs between the water molecules and the ions of the solute, and the solute particles interact only with the solvent, not each other. Hydration energy is always negative, meaning it is exothermic and energy is always released.Option A is incorrect as an excess amount of water is required.
This question appeared on the ETEA MDCAT 2011 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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About Lattice Energy
Lattice energy describes the energy released when gaseous ions form one mole of an ionic solid, or the energy required to separate that solid into gaseous ions, depending on the convention used. Its value depends mainly on ionic charge and radius and is calculated through Born-Haber cycles.
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