How is pyruvate produced in anaerobic conditions?

Explanation

Pyruvate is produced through the process of glycolysis, which is the initial step in cellular respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Glycolysis does not require oxygen, allowing it to function under anaerobic conditions. During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, along with the production of a small amount of ATP. While both alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation utilize pyruvate, they do not produce it; instead, they are processes that occur after glycolysis to regenerate NAD+ for continued glycolysis under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is glycolysis.