How do enzymes enable the conversion of substrates into products by?
Correct answer: D. Lowering the activation energy
- A. Changing equilibrium in the direction of the substrate
- B. Increase the activation energy
- C. Increase the substrate concentration
- D. Lowering the activation energy
Explanation
Enzymes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions, enabling them to occur more rapidly and efficiently. They do this by providing a specially shaped active site that binds substrates in an optimal orientation, stabilizing the transition state so less energy is required to reach it. Additionally, enzymes can induce strain in substrate molecules, making bonds easier to break and facilitating the reaction. This reduction in activation energy accelerates reaction rates, allowing vital cellular processes to occur quickly enough to sustain life.
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About Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower activation energy without being consumed, and their specificity is explained by the lock and key and induced fit models. Work includes the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on reaction rate, plus competitive and non-competitive inhibition and how these differ.
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