For which reaction is volume an irrelevant factor in determining the equilibrium position?
Correct answer: A. CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH ⇌ CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O
- A. CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH ⇌ CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O
- B. PCl₅ ⇌ PCl₃ + Cl₂
- C. N₂O₄ ⇌ 2NO₂
- D. N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃
Explanation
Changes in pressure or volume only affect the equilibrium position of reactions involving gases where there is a change in the total number of moles of gas. The esterification reaction shown occurs in the liquid phase, so pressure and volume changes have a negligible effect.
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About Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible reactions reach dynamic equilibrium when forward and reverse rates become equal, and Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of changing concentration, pressure or temperature. The chapter also covers solubility product, the common ion effect, buffer action and the conditions used in Haber's process, with equilibrium shifts distinguished from changes in the equilibrium constant.
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