For a saturated normally consolidated clay tested under undrained total-stress conditions, the commonly used value of the friction angle is:
Correct answer: A. 0 degrees
- A. 0 degrees
- B. 15 degrees
- C. 30 degrees
- D. 45 degrees
Explanation
In the total-stress analysis of saturated clay under undrained conditions, the apparent cohesion carries the shear resistance and phi is commonly taken as zero. Effective-stress analysis uses an effective friction angle and is a different approach.
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About Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Soil mechanics examines index properties, phase relationships, classification, permeability, seepage, compaction, consolidation, shear strength and earth pressure. Foundations apply these principles to bearing capacity, settlement and shallow or deep foundation selection, with clear distinction between compaction, which expels air, and consolidation, which expels water over time.
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