Find the mean translational kinetic energy of ideal hydrogen gas at 17 degrees Celsius.
Correct answer: D. 6 x 10^-21 J
- A. 6.21 x 10^-21 J
- B. 5 x 10^-21 J
- C. 6.21 x 10^-12 J
- D. 6 x 10^-21 J
Explanation
The mean translational kinetic energy of an ideal gas is calculated using the formula: K.E. = (3/2)kT, where k is Boltzmann's constant (approximately 1.38 x 10-23 J/K) and T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin. First, convert 17 degrees Celsius to Kelvin: T = 17 + 273.15 = 290.15 K. Plugging in the values:K.E. = (3/2)(1.38 x 10-23 J/K)(290.15 K) ≈ 6 x 10-21 J.This is the correct answer. The other options provide either significantly lower or higher values, indicating calculation errors or incorrect applications of the kinetic theory principles.
This question appeared on the UHS MDCAT 2018 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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About Thermal Equilibrium and Heat
Thermal equilibrium means that bodies in contact have the same temperature and no net heat flows between them. The topic distinguishes heat from temperature, uses the zeroth law of thermodynamics, and covers heat transfer, specific heat capacity, thermal expansion and the conditions for reaching equilibrium.
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