Every molecule of NADH, fed into ETC produces:

Explanation

Every molecule of NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) that enters the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) during cellular respiration produces approximately 3 molecules of ATP. This occurs through a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. The high-energy electrons carried by NADH are transferred along the electron transport chain, consisting of a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons move through this chain, protons (H+) are pumped across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. This proton gradient is then used by the enzyme ATP synthase to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). The exact number of ATP molecules generated per NADH can vary slightly, but, on average, it is considered to be around 3 molecules of ATP. The process is more complex for FADH2 (another electron carrier), which typically yields about 2 molecules of ATP. These ATP molecules contribute to the overall energy production in cellular respiration.