Enzymes work by lowering the _ of the reactions they catalyze.
Correct answer: C. Activation energy
- A. Kinetic energy
- B. Heat energy
- C. Activation energy
- D. Potential energy
Explanation
An enzyme binds to its specific substrate at its active site and facilitates the conversion of substrates into products. By lowering the activation energy, enzymes make it easier for reactions to occur. The incorrect options reflect common misconceptions:Kinetic energy: This refers to the energy of motion and does not relate directly to the role of enzymes in catalyzing reactions.Heat energy: While temperature can influence reaction rates, it is the activation energy that enzymes lower, not the heat energy.Potential energy: Though potential energy relates to the energy stored in molecules, enzymes do not directly lower potential energy; they lower activation energy, which is crucial for the reaction's initiation.Thus, activation energy is the correct answer as it directly correlates with the function of enzymes in biochemical reactions.
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About Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower activation energy without being consumed, and their specificity is explained by the lock and key and induced fit models. Work includes the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentration on reaction rate, plus competitive and non-competitive inhibition and how these differ.
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