Moderate

During transport of carbon dioxide blood does not become acidic due to:

Correct answer: A. Blood buffer

  • A. Blood buffer
  • B. Neutralization of H2CO3by Na2CO3
  • C. Absorption by leukocytes
  • D. Non-occumulation

Explanation

The bicarbonate buffering system of blood is an important buffer system in the acid-base homeostasis of living things, including humans. As a buffer, it tends to maintain a relatively constant plasma pH and counteract any force that would alter. In this system, carbon dioxide CO2 combines with water H2 O to form carbonic acid H2 CO3 , which in turn rapidly dissociates to form hydrogen ions H+ and bicarbonate HCO3 as shown in the reactions below.CO2 +H2 O⇄H2 CO3 ⇄HCO3− +H+The carbon dioxide - carbonic acid equilibrium is catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase; the carbonic acid - bicarbonate equilibrium is simple proton dissociation/association and needs no catalyst. Any disturbance of the system will be compensated by a shift in the chemical equilibrium.

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About Respiration

The human respiratory system includes the air passages, lungs, alveoli and breathing muscles, while gaseous exchange explains how oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves it by diffusion. The effects of smoking include damage to cilia and alveoli, reduced gas exchange, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and increased risk of lung cancer.

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