Deficiency of surfactant in infants results in:
Correct answer: B. Respiratory distress syndrome
- A. Asthma
- B. Respiratory distress syndrome
- C. Emphysema
- D. Sinusitis
Explanation
Deficiency of surfactant in infants can lead to a condition called "Respiratory Distress Syndrome" (RDS), also known as "Hyaline Membrane Disease." Surfactant is a substance produced in the lungs that helps to reduce surface tension in the alveoli, preventing their collapse during exhalation and promoting the ease of breathing.
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About Respiration
The human respiratory system includes the air passages, lungs, alveoli and breathing muscles, while gaseous exchange explains how oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves it by diffusion. The effects of smoking include damage to cilia and alveoli, reduced gas exchange, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and increased risk of lung cancer.
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