Carnot heat engine operates between 400K and 500K. Its efficiency is:
Correct answer: B. 20%
- A. 10%
- B. 20%
- C. 25%
- D. 44%
Explanation
The efficiency of a Carnot engine is determined by the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs. The efficiency η of a Carnot engine operating between two temperatures T1 (hot reservoir) and T2 (cold reservoir) is given by:η = (1 - T2 / T1 ) X 100%η = (1 - 400k / 500k)x 100%η=20%
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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