Buffer capacity is maximum when both components have?
Correct answer: D. High and equal concentration
- A. High concentration
- B. Equal concentration
- C. Low concentration
- D. High and equal concentration
Explanation
The capacity of a buffer to neutralize added acid or base depends on the concentrations of HA and A⁻ in the solution. The buffer capacity of a solution is maximum under the following conditions :[Salt] = [Acid] (in acid buffer)(Salt] = [Base] (in base buffer).In this condition, pH=pka and PoH=pkbBuffer solutions with a pH equal to the pKa value of the acid (used to make this solution) have the greatest buffering capacity. For a given ratio of [HA] to [A⁻], the equal and greater the concentrations, the higher the overall buffer capacity.
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About Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible reactions reach dynamic equilibrium when forward and reverse rates become equal, and Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of changing concentration, pressure or temperature. The chapter also covers solubility product, the common ion effect, buffer action and the conditions used in Haber's process, with equilibrium shifts distinguished from changes in the equilibrium constant.
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