Both chains of insulin are held together by:
Correct answer: C. Disulphide bonds
- A. Peptide bonds
- B. Hydrogen bonds
- C. Disulphide bonds
- D. Glycosidic bonds
Explanation
The two chains of insulin are held together by disulphide bonds, which form covalent links between sulfur atoms in cysteine residues of separate polypeptide chains. This is crucial for the structural integrity and biological function of insulin. Peptide bonds connect amino acids within a single chain, hydrogen bonds stabilize secondary structures like alpha-helices and beta-sheets, and glycosidic bonds are involved in carbohydrate structures, not proteins.
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The chapter covers water's polarity and biological roles, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, including their monomers, bonds, structures and functions. It also distinguishes RNA from DNA and explains conjugated molecules such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and nucleoproteins, which combine organic molecules with a non-protein component.
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