Arrange the following in the increasing order of hydrate content when dissolved in water:
Correct answer: D. III < IV < II < I
- A. I < II < III < IV
- B. IV < III < II < I
- C. III < II < IV < I
- D. III < IV < II < I
Explanation
Hydrate formation involves nucleophilic addition at carbonyl carbon in the slow rate determining step. Therefore, electron withdrawing group increases reactivity, while electron donating group decreases the reactivity of carbonyls.
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About Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain the polar carbonyl group, but aldehydes are generally more readily oxidised and more reactive than ketones. Coverage includes preparation by oxidation or reduction routes, nucleophilic addition of reagents such as hydrogen cyanide and bisulfite, and tests that distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
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