Anything which is under observation or experiment is called:
Correct answer: C. System
- A. Universe
- B. Boundary
- C. System
- D. Surroundings
Explanation
The correct answer is Option C: System. In thermochemistry, a system is the specific portion of the universe that is being studied, whether it be a chemical reaction in a beaker or a physical process in a cylinder. The system is distinct from the surroundings, which include everything else that can affect or be affected by the system. A boundary is simply the line that separates the system from the surroundings and does not refer to the area of observation itself. The universe, on the other hand, is too broad a term and includes everything in existence, not just the focus of a particular experiment.
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About Thermochemistry and Energetics of Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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