Antidiuretic hormone controls the water content of the blood by
Correct answer: B. making the walls of the distal tubule and collecting duct more permeable to water
- A. increasing the rate of glomerular filtration
- B. making the walls of the distal tubule and collecting duct more permeable to water
- C. actively pumping water out of the tubule
- D. reducing the reabsorption of sodium ions
Explanation
ADH from the posterior pituitary inserts water channels into the tubule walls, so more water is reabsorbed by osmosis into the salty medulla and a small volume of concentrated urine is produced. It is released when osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect that the blood is too concentrated, a textbook negative feedback loop. Alcohol suppresses ADH, which is why it causes dehydration.
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About Kidney and Urinary System
The kidney and urinary system remove nitrogenous wastes, regulate water and ion balance, and help maintain blood pH through filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion. Questions cover nephron structure, ultrafiltration, the loop of Henle, collecting ducts, urine formation and the roles of ADH and aldosterone, while distinguishing excretion from egestion.
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