An immobile patient with a lower-limb fracture has shallow breathing and weak coughing. Which intervention best reduces the risk of a respiratory complication?
Correct answer: B. Encourage deep breathing, coughing and prescribed incentive spirometry
- A. Limit oral fluids to reduce the need for assistance
- B. Encourage deep breathing, coughing and prescribed incentive spirometry
- C. Keep the patient flat to maintain fracture alignment
- D. Give a sedative before each turning schedule
Explanation
Immobility and shallow breathing increase the risk of atelectasis and pneumonia. Deep breathing, coughing and incentive spirometry help expand the lungs and clear secretions. A flat position, unnecessary sedation and fluid restriction can worsen respiratory complications.
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About Orthopaedic Nursing
Covers fractures, dislocations, arthritis, osteoporosis, joint replacement, spinal disorders and complications of immobility. It includes neurovascular assessment, traction and cast care, mobility assistance, pain control, prevention of pressure injuries and deep vein thrombosis, and the difference between compartment syndrome and ordinary postoperative swelling.
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