An antibody molecule consists of:
Correct answer: C. Two identical light and two identical heavy chains
- A. Two identical light chains only
- B. Two identical heavy chains only
- C. Two identical light and two identical heavy chains
- D. Two identical light chains and two non-identical heavy chains
Explanation
An antibody molecule, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a Y-shaped protein that plays a critical role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to antigens. Its structure includes two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains, which are connected by disulfide bonds. This configuration allows antibodies to specifically bind to antigens. Option A is incorrect because it only mentions light chains. Option B is incorrect because it only mentions heavy chains. Option D is incorrect because it suggests the heavy chains are non-identical, which is not the case.
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Specific defense mechanisms protect the body through antigen recognition by B and T lymphocytes. The topic covers clonal selection, antibody production, plasma and memory cells, cell-mediated responses, helper and cytotoxic T cells, and the difference between primary and secondary immune responses.
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