All of the following processes are spontaneous except
Correct answer: D. synthesis of glucose by plants
- A. reaction of H2 with O2 to form H2O
- B. combustion of natural gas
- C. neutralization of HCI by NaOH
- D. synthesis of glucose by plants
Explanation
The process that is not spontaneous among the given options is:d. synthesis of glucose by plantsThe synthesis of glucose by plants, also known as photosynthesis, is not a spontaneous process. Photosynthesis is an endothermic process, meaning it requires an input of energy in the form of sunlight. Plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through a series of complex biochemical reactions. While the process is highly efficient and essential for life on Earth, it is not spontaneous under standard conditions.
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About Thermochemistry and Energetics of Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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