Acetaldehyele cyanohydrin on acid hydrolysis yields___________________?
Correct answer: C. Lactic acid
- A. Tartaric acid
- B. Propanoic acid
- C. Lactic acid
- D. Valeric acid
Explanation
Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin is CH3CH(OH)CN. Acid hydrolysis changes the nitrile group, -CN, into a carboxylic acid group, -COOH, giving CH3CH(OH)COOH, which is lactic acid. Students may choose propanoic acid by treating the cyanohydrin as a simple nitrile, but the hydroxyl group remains present.
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About Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
Nucleophilic addition occurs at the polar carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones, where a nucleophile attacks the electron-deficient carbon atom. Reactions with hydrogen cyanide, sodium bisulfite, alcohols and Grignard reagents are explained through tetrahedral intermediates, acid or base catalysis, and the different reactivity of aldehydes and ketones.
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