According to Graham's law, the rate of diffusion of a gas is
Correct answer: B. inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass
- A. directly proportional to its molar mass
- B. inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass
- C. independent of its molar mass
- D. proportional to the square of its molar mass
Explanation
Lighter molecules move faster at a given temperature, so hydrogen diffuses four times as fast as oxygen, whose molar mass is sixteen times greater and whose square root is four. This is the principle behind separating uranium isotopes by gaseous diffusion. The relationship holds for effusion through a small hole as well.
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About Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic molecular theory explains gases as rapidly moving particles separated by large distances, with negligible volume and negligible intermolecular attraction in the ideal model. It relates temperature to average kinetic energy and explains gas pressure, Boyle's and Charles's laws, diffusion, effusion and the conditions under which real gases deviate from ideal behavior.
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