A reasonable cause for the increase in resistivity of conductors with rising temperature is:
Correct answer: D. The time between collisions changes with temperature
- A. The mass of the electron changes with temperature
- B. The charge on each electron changes with temperature
- C. The electron density changes with temperature
- D. The time between collisions changes with temperature
Explanation
As the temperature increases in a conductor, the lattice ions vibrate more vigorously. This increases the frequency of collisions between the free electrons and the ions, which shortens the average time between collisions and impedes the flow of charge, thus increasing resistivity.
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Steady current relates charge flow to potential difference, resistance and resistivity, including how temperature changes a conductor's resistance. Sources with internal resistance have terminal voltage below their emf when delivering current, and maximum power output occurs under a specific load condition rather than at zero resistance.
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