Asked in ETEA MDCAT 2005 2005Moderate

A particle was ejected from the nucleus of an atom in a radioactive decay and the active number of the atom increased. The particle was probably:

Correct answer: D. a beta particle

  • A. A proton
  • B. A neutron
  • C. An alpha particle
  • D. a beta particle

Explanation

Beta decay is a radioactive decay in which a beta ray is emitted from an atomic nucleus. The two types of beta decay are known as beta minus and beta plus. In beta minus (β−) decay, a neutron is converted to a proton, and the process creates an electron and an electron antineutrino; This causes an increase in atomic number by 1 with atomic mass unchanged while in beta plus (β+) decay, a proton is converted to a neutron and the process creates a positron and an electron neutrino. β+ decay is also known as positron emission. This causes a decrease in atomic number by 1 with atomic mass unchanged. Normally when they don't mention positive or negative beta decay, we always consider negative beta decay, increasing in atomic number by 1.

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About Radioactive Decay

Radioactive decay is the spontaneous transformation of unstable nuclei, described by decay constant, activity, half life and the exponential decay law. Work includes alpha, beta and gamma emissions, decay equations and remaining nuclei, with half life distinguished from the time required for complete decay.

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