A limiting reactant is one which________________?
Correct answer: D. gives the minimum amount of the product under consideration
- A. is taken in lesser quantity in grams as compared to other reactants
- B. is taken in lesser quantity in volume as compared to other reactants
- C. gives the maximum amount of the product which is required
- D. gives the minimum amount of the product under consideration
Explanation
The limiting reactant is consumed first according to the balanced equation, so it determines the maximum, or minimum possible under the available reactant amounts, quantity of product. Its mass or volume alone cannot identify it because different substances have different molar masses and stoichiometric coefficients. Students commonly choose option a by treating the smallest mass as limiting without converting amounts to moles.
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About Limiting and Excess Reactants
Limiting and excess reactants are identified from the balanced chemical equation and the available amounts of each substance. The limiting reactant determines the maximum product formed, while the excess reactant remains after completion, so questions require mole ratios, theoretical yield and sometimes percentage yield calculations.
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