A double bond consists of:
Correct answer: A. One sigma and one pi bond
- A. One sigma and one pi bond
- B. 2 sigma bonds
- C. 2 pi bonds
- D. Half pi and half sigma bond
Explanation
OPTION A: A double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond. A sigma bond is a strong covalent bond formed by the overlap of two atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis. A pi bond, on the other hand, is a weaker covalent bond formed by the sideways overlap of two atomic orbitals above and below the internuclear axis.OPTION B: 2 sigma bonds are incorrect because a double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond.OPTION C: 2 pi bonds are incorrect because a double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond.OPTION D: Half pi and half sigma bonds are incorrect as the bond is formed by the full overlap of two atomic orbitals, not half and half.
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About Sigma and Pi Bonds
A sigma bond forms by direct end-to-end overlap along the internuclear axis, whereas a pi bond forms by sideways overlap of parallel orbitals. The topic covers single, double and triple bonds, bond composition, restricted rotation and the relation between sigma and pi bonding and orbital hybridisation.
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