A battery is marked 9.0V. What does this mean?
Correct answer: A. Each coulomb of charge from the battery supplies 9.0J of electrical energy to the whole circuit
- A. Each coulomb of charge from the battery supplies 9.0J of electrical energy to the whole circuit
- B. The battery supplies 9.0J to an external circuit for each coulomb of charge
- C. The potential difference across any component connected to the battery will be 9.0V
- D. There will always be 9.0V across the battery terminals
Explanation
The correct answer is Option A. A battery marked as 9.0V means it provides 9.0 joules of energy per coulomb of charge. This is the definition of voltage: the amount of energy per unit charge. Option B is misleading since the voltage applies to the entire circuit, not just the external parts. Option C is incorrect because the potential difference across components depends on circuit configuration. Option D is incorrect since the voltage across the terminals can vary due to factors like internal resistance and the load connected to the battery.
This question appeared on the ETEA MDCAT 2014 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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About Electric Potential
Electric potential is the work done per unit positive charge in bringing it from infinity to a point, while potential difference compares energy change between two points. Work includes potential due to point charges, superposition of scalar potentials, equipotential surfaces, and the relation between electric field and potential.
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