A 10 kg block of ice is at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface. A 1.0 N force is applied in East direction for 1.0 s. During this time interval, the block:
Correct answer: B. acquires a momentum of 1.0 kg m/s
- A. acquires a speed of 1 m/s
- B. acquires a momentum of 1.0 kg m/s
- C. moves 10 cm
- D. acquires a kinetic energy of 0.1 J
Explanation
The correct answer is that the block acquires a momentum of 1.0 kg m/s. This is derived from the equation ΔP = Ft, which calculates the change in momentum. Here, the force applied is 1.0 N for a period of 1.0 s, resulting in a change in momentum of 1.0 kg m/s.Option A is incorrect because it incorrectly calculates the speed of the block. Option C is incorrect because it requires additional calculations to determine displacement, which are not provided. Option D is incorrect because the calculated kinetic energy using the derived velocity is actually 0.05 J, not 0.1 J.
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Displacement, velocity and acceleration describe motion, including the horizontal and vertical components of projectile motion. The chapter connects these quantities with Newton's laws, momentum and impulse, then applies conservation of momentum to collisions, distinguishing elastic collisions from inelastic ones.
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