All Free Nursing Pharmacology MCQs with Answers

Every Nursing Pharmacology question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.

450 questions · page 19 of 23

  • A. The tablet is swallowed with a full glass of water
  • B. The tablet dissolves between the cheek and gum
  • C. The tablet is placed under the tongue until dissolved
  • D. The tablet is crushed and mixed with enteral feed

Explanation: A buccal tablet is held between the cheek and gum, where the drug is absorbed through the oral mucosa.

Correct answer: The tablet dissolves between the cheek and gum
Hard
  • A. It must pass through the gastrointestinal tract and may undergo first-pass metabolism
  • B. It is absorbed directly into the pulmonary circulation before reaching the liver
  • C. It always remains inside the stomach until the full dose is absorbed
  • D. It enters the bloodstream through the skin before reaching the liver

Explanation: Oral medication must dissolve and be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, and some drugs are metabolised in the liver before…

Correct answer: It must pass through the gastrointestinal tract and may undergo first-pass metabolism
Fairly easy
  • A. Apply the new patch over the old patch to maintain drug levels
  • B. Remove the old patch and inspect the skin before applying the new one
  • C. Cut the patch in half if the patient reports mild nausea
  • D. Place the patch over broken skin to improve absorption

Explanation: The old patch must be removed to prevent accidental overdose, and the skin should be checked for irritation.

Correct answer: Remove the old patch and inspect the skin before applying the new one
  • A. Rinse the mouth with water after each use
  • B. Drink grapefruit juice immediately after each dose
  • C. Lie flat for 30 minutes after inhalation
  • D. Repeat the dose whenever the mouth feels dry

Explanation: Rinsing and spitting after an inhaled corticosteroid reduces medicine remaining in the mouth and lowers the risk of oral candidiasis.

Correct answer: Rinse the mouth with water after each use
Hard
  • A. Massage the site firmly after injecting the medication
  • B. Inject into the abdomen and avoid massaging the site afterward
  • C. Inject into the deltoid muscle using a long needle
  • D. Aspirate forcefully after inserting the needle

Explanation: Subcutaneous heparin is commonly administered into abdominal fatty tissue, away from the umbilicus, and the site should not be massaged…

Correct answer: Inject into the abdomen and avoid massaging the site afterward
  • A. Mix all prescribed medicines together in the feeding formula
  • B. Flush the tube before and after each medication as directed by policy
  • C. Give the medication while continuous feeding remains connected without assessment
  • D. Crush every tablet, including modified-release preparations

Explanation: Flushing helps maintain tube patency and reduces drug interaction with residual feed.

Correct answer: Flush the tube before and after each medication as directed by policy
  • A. A small amount of tenderness at the injection site
  • B. Mild temporary discomfort during needle insertion
  • C. Numbness and shooting pain extending down the limb
  • D. A small, dry puncture mark at the injection site

Explanation: Numbness and shooting pain may indicate nerve irritation or injury and require prompt assessment.

Correct answer: Numbness and shooting pain extending down the limb
  • A. Complete the medication record and wait for the next shift
  • B. Assess the patient, then notify the prescriber and senior nurse promptly
  • C. Remove the medication package from the medication room immediately
  • D. Ask the patient not to mention the incident to other staff

Explanation: The nurse first assesses the patient for actual or possible harm and promptly reports the error so treatment and monitoring can begin.

Correct answer: Assess the patient, then notify the prescriber and senior nurse promptly
Fairly easy
  • A. Record the medication as given, including the time and any required response
  • B. Document it before administration so the record is already complete
  • C. Record only the medication name because the dose is on the prescription
  • D. Document that it was given even if the patient refused the dose

Explanation: The medication record should show what was administered and when, with relevant observations or response according to policy.

Correct answer: Record the medication as given, including the time and any required response
  • A. Crush the tablet and place it in the patient's mouth
  • B. Ask the patient to swallow it with a larger amount of water
  • C. Hold the medication and clarify a safe alternative route with the prescriber
  • D. Administer it through a feeding tube without checking the formulation

Explanation: The nurse should withhold the dose temporarily and clarify a safe formulation or route because unsafe swallowing creates an aspiration…

Correct answer: Hold the medication and clarify a safe alternative route with the prescriber
  • A. Compare the medication label with the medication record before opening it
  • B. Ask the patient whether the tablet looks familiar before giving it
  • C. Place the medication beside the patient until the scheduled time
  • D. Record the medication as given before checking the package label

Explanation: The label should be compared with the medication record when removing the drug, again while preparing it, and before returning it.

Correct answer: Compare the medication label with the medication record before opening it
  • A. A calibrated oral syringe marked in millilitres
  • B. A household teaspoon filled to the rim
  • C. A medicine cup estimated at the 15 mL line
  • D. A tablespoon used after checking its usual size

Explanation: A calibrated oral syringe gives an accurate small-volume measurement and reduces errors caused by household spoons.

Correct answer: A calibrated oral syringe marked in millilitres
Moderate
  • A. Vastus lateralis muscle of the anterolateral thigh
  • B. Dorsogluteal muscle near the upper buttock
  • C. Deltoid muscle near the shoulder
  • D. Abdominal tissue below the umbilicus

Explanation: The vastus lateralis is well developed in infants and is away from major nerves and blood vessels.

Correct answer: Vastus lateralis muscle of the anterolateral thigh
Moderate
  • A. Use the ventrogluteal site with correct anatomical landmarks
  • B. Choose the lower inner quadrant of the buttock
  • C. Insert the needle near the centre of the buttock
  • D. Select the area closest to the sacral spine

Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is located using the greater trochanter, anterior superior iliac spine, and iliac crest.

Correct answer: Use the ventrogluteal site with correct anatomical landmarks
Moderate
  • A. Greater systemic absorption of the medication
  • B. Complete prevention of medication absorption
  • C. A predictable reduction in local medication effect
  • D. A lower risk of skin irritation at the application site

Explanation: Occlusion can increase skin hydration and greatly increase absorption of some topical medicines.

Correct answer: Greater systemic absorption of the medication
Fairly easy
  • A. The lungs provide a large, highly vascular absorption surface
  • B. The inhaled drug always passes through the stomach first
  • C. The lungs prevent the medication from entering the bloodstream
  • D. The inhaled dose is always larger than the oral dose

Explanation: The alveoli provide a large surface area with an extensive blood supply, allowing rapid absorption.

Correct answer: The lungs provide a large, highly vascular absorption surface
  • A. Contact the prescriber or pharmacist for a suitable alternative form
  • B. Crush the tablet and mix it with a small amount of water
  • C. Split the tablet and administer both pieces separately
  • D. Dissolve the tablet in warm water before giving it

Explanation: Sustained-release tablets must not usually be crushed or dissolved because this can release the dose too quickly and cause toxicity.

Correct answer: Contact the prescriber or pharmacist for a suitable alternative form
  • A. Hold the scheduled dose and clarify the timing with the prescriber or pharmacist
  • B. Give the scheduled dose to maintain the original medication timetable
  • C. Document the second dose as given and monitor the patient afterward
  • D. Ask the patient whether another dose feels necessary at that time

Explanation: Giving another dose too soon may cause an overdose or excessive drug effect, so the nurse must first assess the record and clarify the…

Correct answer: Hold the scheduled dose and clarify the timing with the prescriber or pharmacist
  • A. Discard the contaminated equipment and prepare a new injection
  • B. Wipe the needle with alcohol and use it immediately
  • C. Cover the needle and use it for the same patient later
  • D. Rinse the needle with sterile water before injecting

Explanation: A needle that touches a nonsterile surface is contaminated and must not be used.

Correct answer: Discard the contaminated equipment and prepare a new injection
  • A. Offer water and confirm the tablet is swallowed
  • B. Leave the tablet at the bedside for later use
  • C. Ask the patient to chew every tablet before swallowing
  • D. Mix the tablet with food without checking its formulation

Explanation: Offering water and confirming swallowing helps ensure that the prescribed dose is actually taken.

Correct answer: Offer water and confirm the tablet is swallowed