Free Nursing Process and Health Assessment MCQs with Answers
50 Nursing Process and Health Assessment MCQs from Fundamentals of Nursing, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Assessment gathers subjective and objective data through health history, physical examination and observation. The nursing process then uses nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation and evaluation to provide individualised care, while distinguishing a nursing diagnosis from a medical diagnosis and identifying priorities such as airway, breathing, circulation and safety.
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50 questions · page 1 of 3
- A. Temperature of 38.5°C measured orally
- B. Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg
- C. Patient reports severe abdominal pain
- D. Respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute
Explanation: Subjective data are symptoms or feelings reported by the patient, such as pain.
Correct answer: Patient reports severe abdominal pain2. Which source provides the most reliable information about a conscious adult patient's current pain?
- A. The patient's own description of the pain
- B. The patient's family member's observation
- C. The nurse's facial expression assessment
- D. The previous nursing shift's documentation
Explanation: The conscious patient is the primary source for subjective symptoms such as pain.
Correct answer: The patient's own description of the pain- A. Document the reading as confirmed hypotension
- B. Ask the patient to rest and repeat the measurement correctly
- C. Administer a prescribed antihypertensive medicine
- D. Report the reading without obtaining another measurement
Explanation: Patient movement can make a blood pressure reading inaccurate, so the nurse should allow rest and repeat the measurement using correct…
Correct answer: Ask the patient to rest and repeat the measurement correctly- A. Pneumonia caused by bacterial infection
- B. Acute appendicitis with abdominal inflammation
- C. Impaired gas exchange related to alveolar changes
- D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycaemia
Explanation: Impaired gas exchange describes a patient response that nurses can assess and manage.
Correct answer: Impaired gas exchange related to alveolar changes- A. Offer fluids to reduce throat dryness
- B. Assess and maintain airway patency
- C. Complete the health history questionnaire
- D. Teach the patient about breathing exercises
Explanation: Airway and breathing take priority because the patient has signs of threatened oxygenation.
Correct answer: Assess and maintain airway patency- A. Collecting the patient's health history
- B. Formulating an individualised expected outcome
- C. Administering the prescribed wound dressing
- D. Determining whether the goal was achieved
Explanation: Planning includes setting priorities, writing measurable outcomes and selecting nursing interventions.
Correct answer: Formulating an individualised expected outcome- A. Patient will have improved skin integrity
- B. Patient will understand pressure injury prevention
- C. Patient's skin will remain intact during hospitalisation
- D. Nurse will reposition the patient regularly
Explanation: A measurable outcome identifies the patient response and a time frame, such as intact skin during hospitalisation.
Correct answer: Patient's skin will remain intact during hospitalisation- A. The patient states that pain decreased from 8 to 3 out of 10
- B. The nurse records that the medicine was administered
- C. The family says that the patient looks more comfortable
- D. The medication is listed in the treatment prescription
Explanation: Evaluation depends primarily on the patient's response compared with the expected outcome.
Correct answer: The patient states that pain decreased from 8 to 3 out of 10- A. Deficient fluid volume related to fluid loss
- B. Acute gastroenteritis caused by infection
- C. Impaired oral mucous membrane related to fever
- D. Risk for imbalanced nutrition related to vomiting
Explanation: Dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor and a weak pulse support an actual fluid volume deficit related to vomiting.
Correct answer: Deficient fluid volume related to fluid loss- A. The patient is unstable and probably has vertigo
- B. The patient reports dizziness and has an unsteady gait
- C. The patient is confused and cannot walk safely
- D. The patient has a balance disorder caused by illness
Explanation: The patient's words are documented as subjective data, and the observed unsteady gait is documented as objective data.
Correct answer: The patient reports dizziness and has an unsteady gait- A. Collecting the patient's health history
- B. Administering a prescribed antibiotic
- C. Writing a measurable patient outcome
- D. Comparing results with the expected outcome
Explanation: Implementation is the phase in which the nurse carries out planned nursing interventions.
Correct answer: Administering a prescribed antibiotic- A. The patient reports feeling nauseated
- B. The patient states that the pain is severe
- C. The nurse observes swelling of both ankles
- D. The patient says the wound is burning
Explanation: Objective data are findings that can be observed, measured, or verified by another person.
Correct answer: The nurse observes swelling of both ankles- A. Record the answer without further questioning
- B. Ask a focused question to clarify the onset
- C. Ask the family to provide the exact time
- D. Document that the patient is an unreliable source
Explanation: The nurse should clarify incomplete or unclear information before documenting the assessment.
Correct answer: Ask a focused question to clarify the onset- A. You do not smoke, do you?
- B. Why did you delay seeking treatment?
- C. What health concern brought you here today?
- D. You are taking your medicines as prescribed, correct?
Explanation: An open-ended, neutral question encourages the patient to describe the main concern in their own words.
Correct answer: What health concern brought you here today?- A. It identifies the disease causing the patient's symptoms
- B. It describes a human response that nursing care can address
- C. It remains unchanged until the medical diagnosis changes
- D. It is selected only from the physician's diagnostic report
Explanation: A nursing diagnosis describes an actual or potential human response to health conditions that nurses can treat or prevent.
Correct answer: It describes a human response that nursing care can address- A. Check the patient's airway and breathing
- B. Ask about the patient's usual sleep pattern
- C. Inspect the skin for a pressure injury
- D. Review the patient's usual dietary intake
Explanation: Restlessness, confusion and cyanosis suggest worsening oxygenation, so airway and breathing are assessed first.
Correct answer: Check the patient's airway and breathing- A. Encourage every patient to walk independently
- B. Provide assistance according to the patient's assessed ability
- C. Keep the patient on bed rest throughout admission
- D. Use the same mobility schedule for all patients
Explanation: Individualised care matches assistance and activity to the patient's strength, balance and safety needs.
Correct answer: Provide assistance according to the patient's assessed ability- A. Set a pain goal with the patient
- B. Administer analgesia without further assessment
- C. Record that the patient has recovered
- D. Replace the nursing diagnosis with the surgical diagnosis
Explanation: Planning includes setting patient-centred, measurable goals with the patient before interventions are selected.
Correct answer: Set a pain goal with the patient- A. Ignore it because the patient has no complaint
- B. Reassess the pulse and collect related findings
- C. Document a cardiac disease as the nursing diagnosis
- D. Tell the patient that a serious disorder is present
Explanation: An unexpected finding should be validated and assessed further, including rate, rhythm and related symptoms.
Correct answer: Reassess the pulse and collect related findings- A. The patient says the ward feels comfortable
- B. The patient remains free from falls and uses the call bell
- C. The nurse explains the fall-prevention policy once
- D. The patient receives the prescribed evening medication
Explanation: Evaluation compares the patient's actual response with the planned measurable outcome.
Correct answer: The patient remains free from falls and uses the call bellNursing Process and Health Assessment MCQs: common questions
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