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Correct answer: A. Acylation
- A. Acylation
- B. Carbonyl reduction
- C. Alkylation
- D. Formylation
Explanation
The introduction of an RC(O)+ group (also called an acyl group) in benzene is called acylation. This reaction is typically carried out using a catalyst such as aluminium chloride (AlCl3) or iron chloride (FeCl3). During the reaction, the catalyst activates the acylating agent such as acetyl chloride (CH3COCl) by removing a halide ion, creating an acylium ion (RC(O)+) that is then attacked by the benzene ring. The final product is an aromatic ketone.
This question appeared on the UHS MDCAT 2012 paper, which you can sit online with every answer explained.
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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.
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