Nitration of chlorobenzene gives___________________?
Correct answer: D. A & B
- A. o - chloronitrobenzene
- B. p - chloronitrobenzene
- C. m - chloronitrobenzene
- D. A & B
Explanation
Chlorine is deactivating but ortho-para directing because its lone pairs can donate by resonance into the benzene ring. Nitration therefore gives both o-chloronitrobenzene and p-chloronitrobenzene, with the para product generally favoured because of less steric hindrance. The likely mistake is choosing only the para product and overlooking that ortho substitution also occurs.
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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds
Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.
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