Free Man and His Environment MCQs with Answers

321. The ecological succession starting from drylands is:

• A. Xerosere
• B. Hydrophytes
• C. Halophytes
• D. All

Explanation: Xerarch succession takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions. In ecology, a mesic habitat is a type of habitat with a moderate or well-balanced supply of moisture.

322. Study of environmental relations is called:

• A. Physiology
• B. Pulmonology
• C. Morphology
• D. Ecology

Explanation: Option A: Physiology is the study of the functions of living organisms. It includes the study of how organisms' bodies work, how they respond to their environment, and how they reproduce. Option B: Pulmonology is the study of the lungs and the respiratory system. It includes the study of how the lungs work, how they exchange gases with the blood, and how they are affected by disease. Option C: Morphology is the study of the form and structure of living organisms. It includes the study of how organisms' bodies are shaped, how their organs are arranged, and how their tissues are organized. Option D: The study of environmental relations is called ecology. Ecology is a branch of biology that studies the interactions between living organisms and their environment. It includes the study of how organisms interact with each other, with the physical environment, and with the other living things in their environment.

323. When resources gets scarce, the population growth?

• A. Becomes fast
• B. Slows down
• C. Remains same
• D. None of these

Explanation: A decrease in the number of resources will lead to more competition between the individuals in a population and hence lead to the death of some of the weaker ones resulting in an overall 'decrease in the population growth'.

324. Pick the biotic component from the following.

• A. Soil
• B. Atmosphere
• C. Water
• D. Animals

Explanation: d) Animals: This is the correct option. Animals are biotic components of the environment. They are living organisms that interact with other biotic and abiotic components, contributing to the overall ecosystem dynamics.

325. In _ zone the light is insufficient to support photosynthesis.

• A. Desert.
• B. Littoral.
• C. Profundal.
• D. All of these.

Explanation: The profundal zone is a deep zone of an inland body of freestanding water, such as a lake or a pond, located below the range of effective light penetration.

326. The nutrient cycles are also called:

• A. Biogeochemical cycles
• B. Bioelement cycles
• C. Biochemical cycles
• D. Geochemical cycles

Explanation: Explanation:The nutrient cycles are primarily referred to as "Biogeochemical cycles" because they involve the cycling of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements through biological, geological, and chemical processes in the environment.This option is incorrect because the term "Bioelement" is not commonly used to refer to nutrients or chemical elements in the context of nutrient cycling.This option is also incorrect because biochemical reactions do occur in nutrient cycling, the term does not accurately describe the cycling of nutrients through ecosystems.This option is also incorrect because nutrient cycling does involve geological processes, it also involves biological and chemical processes that are not included in the term "Geochemical cycles"

327. Group of interbreeding individuals of particular species, sharing common geographical area is called:

• A. Population
• B. Community ecology
• C. Community
• D. Autecology

Explanation: [A] Correct definition for population[B] Community ecology;community ecology, study of the organisation and functioning of communities, which are assemblages of interacting populations of the species living within a particular area or habitat. [C] Community;all population within ecosystem are now as community[D]Autecology;study of a particular species

328. The typical environment of a particular organism population community is called:

• A. Niche
• B. Ecosystem
• C. Habitat
• D. Biosphere

Explanation: A habitat is a place where an organism makes its home. A habitat meets all the environmental conditions an organism needs to survive.

329. In an ecosystem, mycorrhizae is an example of:

• A. Symbiosis
• B. Predation
• C. Commensalism
• D. Parasitism

Explanation: Mycorrhiza is a mutualistic relationship between fungal hyphae and roots of higher plants.

330. Successive stages of eating and being eaten by which recycling of materials and flow of energy takes place is called:

• A. Food Chain
• B. Food Web
• C. Trophic Level
• D. Food Link

Explanation: A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another; the levels in the food chain are producers, primary consumers, higher-level consumers, and finally decomposers. These levels are used to describe ecosystem structure and dynamics.