Free Kingdom Plantae MCQs with Answers

231. Independent gametophyte and sporophyte are found in:

• A. Selaginella
• B. Polytrichum
• C. Ectocarpus
• D. Liverworts

Explanation: The correct answer is Ectocarpus. In Ectocarpus, both the gametophyte and sporophyte stages are independent of each other, which is characteristic of its alternation of generations. This is unlike most non-vascular plants like Polytrichum (mosses) and Liverworts, where the sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte. Selaginella, although having a complex life cycle with heterospory, does not have fully independent gametophytes.

232. Tmesipteris is an example of:

• A. Horsetail
• B. Club mosses
• C. Psilopsida
• D. Pteropsida

Explanation: Tmesipteris is a genus of plants belonging to the class Psilopsida, which is commonly referred to as whisk ferns. Psilopsida is a class of primitive vascular plants that are characterized by their lack of true leaves and roots. They have simple, dichotomously branching stems and reproduce by spores.

233. Horsetails are included in class:

• A. Pteropsida
• B. Lycopsida
• C. Psilopsida
• D. Sphenopsida

Explanation: Horsetails are classified under the class Sphenopsida, also known as Equisetopsida. This class is characterized by jointed stems, scale-like leaves arranged in whorls, and the presence of silica in their tissues, giving them a rough texture. This group comprises a greater number of fossilized plants compared to living species. Currently, only a single surviving genus, Equisetum, is found within this sub-division. These plants develop from rhizomes, which give rise to two types of aerial stems i.e., fertile and sterile.

234. The roots given out from rhizome of fern are called:

• A. Pneumatophore
• B. Phizophores
• C. Rhizoids
• D. Adventitious roots

Explanation: In ferns, the roots that emerge from the rhizome are known as 'adventitious roots.' These roots develop from structures other than the primary root, such as stems or rhizomes, allowing the plant to anchor itself and absorb nutrients effectively. The rhizome, a horizontal underground stem, generates both roots and fronds (the leaves of ferns). This adaptation is essential for the fern's survival and propagation. Other options, such as pneumatophores and rhizoids, are not applicable to ferns as they belong to different plant categories or serve different purposes.

235. Selaginella is the living member of :

• A. Psilopsida
• B. Lycopsida
• C. Sphenopsida
• D. Pterosida

Explanation: Selaginella belongs to the class of lycopsida as it has scale-leaves bearing a ligule and has spores of 2 types. It is usually treated as the only genus in the family Selaginellaceae, with over 750 known species

236. Coral reef are the characteristic feature of phylum:

• A. Porifera
• B. Coelenterata/Cnidaria
• C. Arthropoda
• D. Platyhelminthes

Explanation: Coral reefs are the characteristic feature of the phylum Cnidaria. Cnidaria is a phylum of aquatic invertebrates that includes corals, sea anemones, jellyfish, and hydras. Cnidarians are characterized by their radial symmetry, the presence of nematocysts (stinging cells), and a gastrovascular cavity (a single opening that serves as both a mouth and an anus). Coral reefs are built by colonial cnidarians called scleractinian corals. Scleractinian corals secrete a hard calcium carbonate skeleton that supports the reef structure. Coral reefs are found in warm, shallow waters around the world and are home to a wide variety of marine life.

237. The hard parts of the seeds is primarily due to the presence of:

• A. Collenchyma
• B. Sclerenchyma
• C. Sclereids
• D. Fibres
• E. Parenchyma

Explanation: Sclerieds, also known as stone cells, are specialized sclerenchyma cells found in some plant tissues. They are particularly abundant in fruits, giving them a gritty or stony texture. They function in giving hardness to seeds. They are shorter and have more varied shapes than sclerenchyma fibers, and are found in various parts of plants like seed coats, fruit pulp, and nutshells.

238. Spikelet inflorescence is the characteristic of:

• A. Solanaceae
• B. Rosaceae
• C. Fabcene
• D. Poaceae

Explanation: The correct answer is D Poaceae. Spikelet inflorescence is a characteristic feature of the family Poaceae, also known as the grass family or the true grasses. The spikelet is a specialized type of inflorescence found in grasses, where it consists of a cluster of florets arranged along a central axis.

239. Scorpioid chyme is found in:

• A. Cotton
• B. Mulberry
• C. Sunflower
• D. Sundew
• E. Banana

Explanation: A scorpoid cyme is characterized by a coiled or helical arrangement of flower clusters that resemble the shape of a scorpion's tail. Hence the name "scorpoid." the sunflower (Helianthus) is known to exhibit a scorpoid cyme inflorescence. It is present in cotton. So option A is the correct option.

240. The life cycle during alternation of generation has the following feature:

• A. Zygote undergoes meiosis
• B. Zygote develops into gametophyte
• C. Sporophyte generation produces haploid spores
• D. Gametophyte generation produces diploid gametes

Explanation: Alternation of generations is a life cycle in plants, algae, and some fungi where a multicellular haploid gametophyte stage alternates with a multicellular diploid sporophyte stage. The gametophyte produces gametes, which fuse to form a zygote that grows into the sporophyte. The sporophyte then produces spores through meiosis, which develop into new gametophytes, completing the cycle.