Free Kingdom Plantae MCQs with Answers

221. "Vascular System absent"; gametophyte dominant, sporophyte attached to gametophyte; "homosporous" are distinguishing characters of:

• A. Psilopsida
• B. Pteropsida
• C. Angiosperms
• D. Bryophyta

Explanation: The distinguishing characters "Vascular System absent; gametophyte dominant, sporophyte attached to gametophyte; homosporous," are indicative of the bryophyte group known as liverworts (Hepatophyta). Liverworts are non-vascular plants, meaning they lack a true vascular system for the transport of water and nutrients. Instead, they rely on diffusion for these processes. The sporophyte generation is physically attached to the gametophyte. The sporophyte typically consists of a capsule (containing spores) and a seta (stalk) and remains dependent on the gametophyte for nutrients and support.

222. Which of the following features differentiate angiosperms from gymnosperms?

• A. Pollens disperse by air
• B. Haploid microspores
• C. Ovaries
• D. Pollen tubes

Explanation: Angiosperms have ovaries, which are structures that enclose and protect the seeds. Ovaries are part of the flower and develop into fruits after fertilization. Gymnosperms lack true ovaries. Instead, the seeds are exposed on the surface of cone scales. Gymnosperms include conifers, cycads, ginkgos, and gnetophytes.

223. In Pakistan, the furniture wood is mainly obtained from the members of family:

• A. Rosaceae
• B. Solanaceae
• C. Minosaceae
• D. Fabaceae

Explanation: The Fabaceae family, commonly known as the legume or pea family, includes a diverse group of plants, many of which have economic importance as sources of timber. Timber-producing species within the Fabaceae family are often valued for their hardwood, which is used in construction, furniture making, and various other applications.

224. The sources of staple food for man are plants that belong to the family:

• A. Mimosaceae
• B. Poaceae
• C. Rosaceae
• D. Fabaceae

Explanation: Poaceae, commonly known as the grass family, is one of the largest and most economically important families of flowering plants. The Poaceae family includes a wide variety of grasses, ranging from small, herbaceous plants to large, woody bamboos. Many grasses in the Poaceae family are of great economic importance for humans and animals. They are used as staple food crops, for forage, as ornamental plants, and for the production of materials such as paper and thatch. This family includes major cereal crops that serve as staples worldwide, such as rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (corn, Zea mays), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and oats (Avena sativa).

225. Umbel of umbels is present in:

• A. Hydrocotyl
• B. Carrot
• C. Iberis
• D. Grapes

Explanation: The term "umbel of umbels" refers to an inflorescence arrangement where multiple smaller umbels are arranged in an overall larger, compound umbel. This structure is commonly found in plants belonging to the Apiaceae (or Umbelliferae) family. The Apiaceae family is known for its characteristic inflorescence called an umbel. One of the well-known examples of an umbel of umbels is seen in plants of the genus Daucus. The common carrot, Daucus carota, is a member of this genus and exhibits an umbel of umbels in its inflorescence.

226. Which of the following is the most economically important plant family?

• A. Poaceae
• B. Asteraceae
• C. Rosaceae
• D. Fabaceae

Explanation: Poaceae, commonly known as the grass family, is one of the largest and most economically important families of flowering plants. The Poaceae family includes a wide variety of grasses, ranging from small, herbaceous plants to large, woody bamboos. Many grasses in the Poaceae family are of great economic importance for humans and animals. They are used as staple food crops, for forage, as ornamental plants, and for the production of materials such as paper and thatch. This family includes major cereal crops that serve as staples worldwide, such as rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (corn, Zea mays), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and oats (Avena sativa).

227. Which process of cell division is involved in gametes formation in Funaria:

• A. Mitosis
• B. Meiosis
• C. Amitosis
• D. Binary Fission

Explanation: In the life cycle of mosses such as Funaria, the process of cell division involved in gamete formation is known as mitosis. The life cycle of mosses involves alternation of generations between a haploid gametophyte phase and a diploid sporophyte phase.

228. Taxus baccata is the botanical name of:

• A. Fever tree
• B. Deadly nightshade
• C. English Yew
• D. Daffodils

Explanation: Taxus baccata is the botanical name for the European yew, a species of coniferous tree. The European yew belongs to the family Taxaceae. The plant is known for its dark green needles, red berries, and its association with various cultural and historical contexts. It contains compounds called taxanes, which have been of interest for their potential medicinal properties, particularly in the development of certain cancer treatments such as paclitaxel (Taxol).

229. Which of the following is a summer variety?

• A. Figs
• B. Cabbages
• C. Oranges
• D. Pears

Explanation: Figs (Ficus carica) are generally known for their sweet and succulent fruits, and they are indeed associated with the summer season in many regions. The timing of the fig fruiting season can vary based on factors such as the fig variety, climate, and local conditions. However, in many places, figs tend to ripen and are harvested during the summer months.

230. The gametophyte of lycopsida is mainly:

• A. Aerial
• B. Partly aerial and partly underground
• C. Underground
• D. Photosynthetic

Explanation: In the plant group Lycopsida, which includes clubmosses, spike mosses, and quillworts, the gametophyte generation is predominantly underground. This generation is typically small and non-photosynthetic, obtaining nutrients through symbiosis with fungi. This contrasts with the sporophyte generation, which is the dominant, visible phase that carries out photosynthesis and produces spores. Thus, the correct answer is that the gametophyte of Lycopsida is 'Underground'. The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the typical habitat or characteristics of the Lycopsida gametophyte.