Free Kingdom Protista MCQs with Answers

171. Which algae have a chance to become the alternate source of food in future?

• A. Ulva
• B. Volvox
• C. Chlorella
• D. Kelps

Explanation: Chlorella is a type of green algae that is highly nutritious, containing proteins, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. It is considered a superfood due to its potential health benefits and is already used in various dietary supplements. Its ease of cultivation and high yield make it a viable candidate for an alternate food source in the future. Ulva and kelps are also nutritious but have different primary uses, with kelps being more industrially oriented. Volvox is not typically considered for consumption. Therefore, Chlorella stands out as the most promising option for future food sources.

172. Feeding stage of which protist is known as plasmodium

• A. Myxomycota
• B. Oomycetes
• C. Amoeba
• D. Apicomplexans

Explanation: The correct answer is Myxomycota. In the life cycle of Myxomycota, the feeding stage is called a plasmodium, which is a large, multinucleate, amoeboid mass that can move and engulf food particles. This is distinct from other protists like Oomycetes, which are filamentous and lack a plasmodium stage, Amoebae, which are single-celled and do not form plasmodia, and Apicomplexans, which have complex life cycles but do not include a plasmodium feeding stage.

173. Which protists form spores after meiosis?

• A. Oomycetes
• B. Myxomycota
• C. Brown algae
• D. Red algae

Explanation: The correct answer is Myxomycota. These protists are known for their life cycle, which includes the formation of spores after meiosis. This process is characteristic of their reproductive strategy. Oomycetes, while they produce spores, do not follow this method of reproduction. Brown algae and red algae also have complex life cycles involving spores, but they do not specifically form spores after meiosis in the same way as Myxomycota.

174. The model organism used to study growth, differentiation, cytoplasmic streaming and function of cytoskeleton belongs to

• A. Zooflagellates
• B. Desmids
• C. Radiolarians
• D. Slime molds

Explanation: Slime molds are often used as model organisms because they exhibit fascinating behaviors such as cytoplasmic streaming, which is crucial for nutrient distribution and cellular processes. They serve as excellent models for studying the cytoskeleton's role due to their dynamic morphological changes during their life cycle. The other options, Zooflagellates, Desmids, and Radiolarians, do not prominently feature in studies related to cytoplasmic streaming and the cytoskeleton, making Slime molds the correct choice.

175. Protocista member, which shows close relations with fungi

• A. Water molds
• B. Slime molds
• C. Brown algae
• D. Apicomplexans

Explanation: Water molds, or oomycetes, are protists that are closely related to fungi due to their filamentous structure and method of nutrient absorption. Unlike slime molds, which are more amoeba-like in their behavior and lifecycle, water molds exhibit true hyphal growth similar to fungi. Brown algae are primarily aquatic, photosynthetic organisms, and apicomplexans are parasitic and lack fungal-like characteristics. Thus, among the options, water molds are the group most closely related to fungi.

176. Cell wall contains cellulose in which of the following protists

• A. Oomycetes
• B. Green algae
• C. Dinoflagellates
• D. All of these

Explanation: The correct answer is Oomycetes. Oomycetes are a group of protists known for having cell walls composed of cellulose, similar to plants, which sets them apart from fungi that have chitin in their cell walls. Green algae also have cellulose in their cell walls, but the question specifically highlights protists like Oomycetes. Dinoflagellates possess cellulose, but it is structured as plates rather than forming a typical cell wall, which makes them a less direct answer to the question.

177. Potato blight is caused by an organism of which group?

• A. Myxomycota
• B. Oomycotes
• C. Foraminifera
• D. Apicomplexans

Explanation: The correct answer is Oomycotes. Oomycotes, or water molds, are a group of protists known for causing plant diseases, including the infamous potato blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. This organism devastated potato crops during the Irish Potato Famine in the 19th century. The other options do not cause potato blight: Myxomycota are slime molds, which do not infect plants; Foraminifera are marine protists with no link to plant diseases; and Apicomplexans are parasitic protists affecting animals rather than plants.

178. The causal organism for African sleeping sickness is

• A. Trypanosoma cruzi
• B. T. rhodesiense
• C. T. tangela
• D. T. gambiense

Explanation: The causal organism for African sleeping sickness, also known as African trypanosomiasis, is Trypanosoma gambiense. African sleeping sickness is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, but it has two subspecies that are responsible for different forms of the disease: T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense.

179. The part of life cycle of malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax, that is passed in female Anopheles is

• A. Sexual cycle
• B. Preerythrocytic schizogony
• C. Exoerythrocytic schizogony
• D. Posterythrocytic schizogony

Explanation: Let's explain each option individually:a) Sexual cycle:This option is correct. In the life cycle of the malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax, the part that is passed in the female Anopheles mosquito is the sexual cycle. After an infected mosquito (female Anopheles) bites a human and injects sporozoites (the infective stage of the parasite) into the bloodstream, the sporozoites travel to the liver. In the liver, they infect liver cells and undergo asexual reproduction (preerythrocytic schizogony) to form thousands of merozoites. Some of these merozoites differentiate into male and female gametocytes.When a female Anopheles mosquito subsequently bites the infected human, it ingests the male and female gametocytes along with the blood meal. Inside the mosquito's midgut, the male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, producing male and female gametes (microgametes and macrogametes, respectively). These gametes then fuse to form zygotes, which develop into motile ookinetes that penetrate the mosquito's midgut wall.The ookinetes eventually develop into oocysts on the outer surface of the midgut. Within the oocysts, numerous sporozoites are formed through multiple rounds of division. These sporozoites are released from the oocysts and migrate to the mosquito's salivary glands. When the mosquito bites another human, it injects these sporozoites into the bloodstream, initiating the next stage of infection in the human host.b) Preerythrocytic schizogony:The preerythrocytic schizogony occurs in the liver cells of the human host. During this stage, the sporozoites undergo asexual multiplication in the liver, producing thousands of merozoites. This process precedes the sexual cycle that takes place in the female Anopheles mosquito.c) Exoerythrocytic schizogony:Exoerythrocytic schizogony is another term used to describe the preerythrocytic schizogony. It refers to the asexual reproduction of the malarial parasite in the liver cells before the infection of red blood cells.d) Posterythrocytic schizogony:Posterythrocytic schizogony is not part of the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax. After the sexual cycle in the female Anopheles mosquito, the sporozoites are injected into the human host's bloodstream, and they infect the red blood cells. The asexual replication of the parasite inside the red blood cells is known as erythrocytic schizogony, not posterythrocytic.In summary, the correct answer is a) Sexual cycle. The part of the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax that is passed in the female Anopheles mosquito involves the sexual cycle, where the male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, leading to the development of sporozoites that are subsequently transmitted to another human host through mosquito bites.

180. Who discovered Plasmodium in R.B.C of human beings?

• A. Ronald Ross
• B. Mendel
• C. Laveran
• D. Stephans

Explanation: Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, a French physician, was the one who discovered Plasmodium in the red blood cells (RBCs) of human beings. He made this groundbreaking discovery in 1880 while he was serving as a military doctor in Algeria. Laveran observed the parasites inside the RBCs of patients suffering from malaria, and his work marked the first identification of the malaria parasite.