Free Kingdom Plantae MCQs with Answers

341. The cells of the embryo sac of an apple plant include

• A. Antipodal cells, polar nuclei, sperm cell and tube cells
• B. Synergids, egg cell, polar nuclei and antipodal cells
• C. Synergids, egg cell and generative cells
• D. Tube cells and sperm cell

Explanation: In flowering plants, the embryo sac is the female gametophyte that contains seven cells: two synergids, one egg cell, two polar nuclei (which eventually fuse to form one central cell), and three antipodal cells. The correct answer is Option B. Other options incorrectly include cells that are part of the male gametophyte (pollen grain), such as sperm cells and tube cells.

342. Seaweeds is the common name used for

• A. Diatoms
• B. Green algae
• C. Brown algae
• D. Dinoflagellates

Explanation: Seaweeds is the common name for large, multicellular marine algae, most commonly referring to brown algae, which includes kelp and other similar organisms. While green algae can also be called seaweeds in some contexts, brown algae are more typically associated with the term. Diatoms and dinoflagellates, on the other hand, are not considered seaweeds as they are generally smaller and have different characteristics. Diatoms are known for their silica shells, and dinoflagellates are a type of plankton associated with red tides.

343. The given diagram shows the life cycle of a plant.The feature in the given life cycle due to which this plant is classified as a tracheophyte is thepresence of:

• A. Haploid spores
• B. Dominant sporophyte
• C. Independent gametophyte
• D. Antheridium and Archegonium

Explanation: The correct answer is the presence of a dominant sporophyte.In tracheophytes, the sporophyte is the prominent and visible phase of the life cycle.

344. The given diagram shows an unfertilised angiosperm ovary.What change would take place in the ovary after double fertilisation?

• A. Pollen tube will disappear
• B. Antipodal cells will double in number
• C. Polar nuclei will form triploid endosperm
• D. Egg cell will fuse with a synergid to form diploid zygote

Explanation: In angiosperms, double fertilization involves two key events: one sperm cell fuses with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote, and another sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm. The triploid endosperm is crucial as it provides nourishment to the developing embryo. So option C is correct.

345. A flower with multiple free perianth leaves (P = number of perianth leaves) is termed as:

• A. Polyandrous
• B. Polypetalous
• C. Polysepalous
• D. Polyphyllous

Explanation: The correct answer is polyphyllous.This term is used to describe flowers with multiple free perianth leaves. The perianth is the non-reproductive part of the flower, consisting of the petals and sepals. When these parts are free and not fused, the term 'polyphyllous' is applicable.

346. The given diageam shows the life cycle of a plant.The feature in the given life cycle due to which this plant is classified as a tracheophyte is thepresence of:

• A. Haploid spores
• B. Dominant sporophyte
• C. Independent gametophyte
• D. Antheridium and Archegonium

Explanation: The correct answer is the presence of a dominant sporophyte.In tracheophytes, the sporophyte is the prominent and visible phase of the life cycle.

347. In liverworts, asexual reproduction takes place by:

• A. Fragmentation of thalli and gemmae cups
• B. Fragmentation of thalli and oospores
• C. Gemmae cups and zoospores
• D. Oospores and zoospores

Explanation: The correct answer is fragmentation of thalli and gemmae cups. Liverworts can reproduce asexually by breaking off parts of their thalli, which can then grow into new plants. Additionally, gemmae cups are specialized structures that produce gemmae, small reproductive units that can develop into new individuals.

348. In club mosses (lycopsida), microphylls are evolved from:

• A. A short stem bearing side branches
• B. Small projecting extensions of stem tissue
• C. Side branches dividing in the same spatial plane
• D. Infilling of simple tissues between lateral branches

Explanation: Microphylls in club mosses (lycopsida) evolved from the infilling of simple tissues between lateral branches. This process led to the formation of small, leaf-like structures that are characteristic of microphylls. So option D is correct.

349. In the given diagram:

• A. Option A
• B. Option B
• C. Option C
• D. Option D

Explanation: Option C shows gametophyte with embedded antheridia and archegonia.So C is the correct option.

350. In plants, reproduction through the process of cuttings is advantageous as compared to reproduction through seeds because it

• A. Increases the chances of mutation
• B. Facilitates adaptation to environment
• C. Provides variability in the population
• D. Produces identical offspring in short time

Explanation: The correct answer is Option B: facilitates adaptation to environment. Reproduction through cuttings produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, which helps them retain the parent's adaptations to the current environment, ensuring survival and stability.Option A is incorrect because cuttings do not increase mutation rates; they maintain genetic consistency. Option C is incorrect because cuttings produce uniform offspring, not genetic variability. Option D, while true about the speed and uniformity of reproduction, doesn't emphasize the environmental adaptation aspect.