Free Kingdom Plantae MCQs with Answers

251. In Pinus, the wings of the seed develops from

• A. Ovuliferous scale
• B. Integument
• C. Nucellus
• D. Bract

Explanation: In Pinus (pine), the wings of the seed develop from the ovuliferous scale. The ovuliferous scale is part of the pine cone and plays a crucial role in the development of the seeds. It provides protection to the developing ovules and later, the seeds. When the seeds mature, the ovuliferous scale, along with the winged seeds, facilitates seed dispersal when the pine cone opens and the seeds are released. Integument: The integument is the outermost protective layer of the ovule, and it encloses the nucellus. While it is an important structure in the ovule, it does not develop into the wings of the seed in Pinus. Nucellus: The nucellus is the central part of the ovule that contains the female gametophyte (embryo sac). It is essential for the development of the embryo but does not form the wings of the seed. Bract: The bract is a modified leaf or scale-like structure found at the base of the cone scales. It provides support to the cone scales but does not develop into the wings of the seed.

252. Pinus differs from mango in having

• A. Tree habit
• B. Green leaves
• C. Ovules not nclosed in ovary
• D. Wood

Explanation: a.Tree Habit: Both Pinus and mango are trees, so this is a common feature, and they share the tree habit. b. Green Leaves: Both Pinus and mango have green leaves, although the specific characteristics of their leaves may differ. c. Ovules not Enclosed in Ovary: This is the key difference. Pinus is a gymnosperm, and in gymnosperms like Pinus, the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary. Instead, they are exposed on the surface of cone scales. In contrast, mango is an angiosperm, and in angiosperms, ovules are enclosed within an ovary, which eventually develops into a fruit. d. Wood: Both Pinus and mango trees have woody stems, so this is another common feature. So, the most significant difference is the fact that Pinus has ovules that are not enclosed in an ovary (characteristic of gymnosperms), whereas mango has ovules enclosed within an ovary (characteristic of angiosperms).

253. Protonema occurs in the life cycle of

• A. Riccia
• B. Funaria
• C. Anthoceros
• D. Spirogya

Explanation: Protonema occurs in the life cycle of Funaria.The protonema is a juvenile stage of the gametophyte in the life cycle of mosses. It is a filamentous structure that develops from the germinating spore. The protonema can grow and branch extensively, and it eventually gives rise to leafy gametophore shoots.Riccia, Anthoceros, and Spirogyra are all bryophytes, but they do not have a protonema stage in their life cycles. Riccia is a thalloid liverwort, meaning that its gametophyte is a flat, sheet-like structure. Anthoceros is a hornwort, meaning that its sporophyte is horn-shaped. Spirogyra is a green alga, and it does not have a gametophyte-sporophyte alternation of generations. Funaria is the correct answer.

254. Resin and turpentine are obtained from

• A. Cycas
• B. Pinus
• C. Cedrus
• D. Abies

Explanation: Cycas: Cycas is a genus of gymnosperms that are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Cycas plants produce resin, but it is not as commonly used as a source of turpentine as resin from Pinus trees. Pinus: Pinus is a genus of gymnosperms that are native to all parts of the world except Australia and Antarctica. Pinus trees are the primary source of resin and turpentine. Cedrus: Cedrus is a genus of gymnosperms that are native to the Himalayas and the Mediterranean region. Cedrus trees produce resin, but it is not as commonly used as a source of turpentine as resin from Pinus trees. Abies: Abies is a genus of gymnosperms that are native to the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Abies trees produce resin, but it is not as commonly used as a source of turpentine as resin from Pinus trees. So, pinus is the correct answer as Pinus trees are the primary source of resin and turpentine.

255. Turpentine is got from

• A. Angiospermous wood
• B. Bryophytes
• C. Gymnospermous wood
• D. Ferns

Explanation: Gymnosperms are a group of seed plants that includes conifers, such as pines and firs. Coniferous trees produce resin, which is a sticky, viscous substance. Turpentine is a liquid that is distilled from resin. Angiosperms are a group of seed plants that includes flowering plants. Angiosperms do not produce resin, so turpentine cannot be obtained from angiospermous wood. Bryophytes are a group of non-vascular plants that includes mosses and liverworts. Bryophytes do not produce resin, so turpentine cannot be obtained from bryophytes. Ferns are a group of vascular plants. Ferns do not produce resin, so turpentine cannot be obtained from ferns. Therefore, the correct answer is gymnospermous wood.

256. Which one has the largest gametophyte?

• A. Cycas
• B. Angiosperm
• C. Selaginella
• D. Moss

Explanation: Mosses have the largest gametophytes. The gametophyte is the dominant generation in mosses, meaning that it is the larger and more conspicuous generation. Moss gametophytes can be up to several inches tall and can have many branches and leaves. Cycas are gymnosperms, which means that they have naked seeds. The gametophyte generation in gymnosperms is very small and is reduced to just a few cells. The sporophyte generation is the dominant generation in gymnosperms. Angiosperms are flowering plants. The gametophyte generation in angiosperms is also very small and is reduced to just a few cells. The sporophyte generation is the dominant generation in angiosperms. Selaginella is a type of vascular plant. The gametophyte generation in Selaginella is slightly larger than the gametophyte generation in gymnosperms and angiosperms, but it is still much smaller than the gametophyte generation in mosses. Therefore, the correct answer is moss.

257. The term 'polyadelphous' is related to

• A. Gynoecium
• B. Androecium
• C. Corolla
• D. Calyx

Explanation: The term "polyadelphous" is related to the androecium, which is the male reproductive organ of a flower. It consists of stamens, which are structures that produce pollen.Polyadelphous means that the stamens are fused together in several bundles. This is in contrast to monadelphous, where the stamens are fused together into a single bundle, and diadelphous, where the stamens are fused together into two bundles. Gynoecium: The female reproductive organ of a flower. It consists of pistils, which are structures that contain the ovules (female gametophytes). Corolla: The collective term for the petals of a flower. Petals are typically brightly colored and attract pollinators. Calyx: The collective term for the sepals of a flower. Sepals are typically green and leaf-like. They protect the inner parts of the flower until it is ready to open.

258. Among China rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, guava, cucumber, onion and tulip,how many plants have superior ovary?

• A. Three
• B. Four
• C. Five
• D. Six

Explanation: (d) : The correct answer is six.A superior ovary is an ovary that is located above the other floral parts, such as the sepals, petals, and stamens. Flowers with superior ovaries are called hypogynous flowers.Of the eight plants listed, six have superior ovaries:China rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, onion and tulip whereas in guava and cucumber, ovary is inferior. Inferior ovaries are ovaries that are located below the other floral parts. Flowers with inferior ovaries are called epigynous flowers.

259. In China rose the flowers are

• A. Zygomorphic, hypogynous with imbricate aestivation
• B. Zygomorphic, epigynous with twisted aestivation
• C. Actinomorphic, hypogynous with twisted aestivation
• D. Actinomorphic, epigynous with valvate aestivation

Explanation: (c) : In China rose the flowers are actinomorphic i.e., it can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre; they are hypogynous, i.e.,the gynoecium occupies the highest position, while the other parts are situated below it; they have twisted aestivation i.e., one margin of petal overlaps that of the next one and soon.

260. A drupe develops in

• A. Mango
• B. Wheat
• C. Pea
• D. Tomato

Explanation: (a): Drupe is a fleshy fruit that develops from either one or several fused carpels and contains one or many seeds. The seeds are enclosed by the hard protective endocarp (pericarp) of the fruit, e.g., mango. In mango, the pericarp is well-differentiated into an outer thin epicarp, a middle fleshy edible mesocarp, and an inner stony hard endocarp.