Free Introduction to Biology MCQs with Answers

111. A group of zoologists discovered the presence of a new species of octopus in the Pacific Ocean. This case is related to the study of

• A. Fresh water biology
• B. Molecular biology
• C. Marine biology
• D. Parasitology

Explanation: The correct answer is marine biology. This field focuses on the study of life forms in the ocean, which directly aligns with the discovery of a new species of octopus in the Pacific Ocean. Fresh water biology is incorrect because it pertains to life in inland waters, not the ocean. Molecular biology is not directly related to species discovery in the context of natural habitats. Parasitology focuses on parasites, which is not relevant to the discovery of an octopus species.

112. Zara is interested in learning about the global environmental change and its effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.The field of biology that relates to Zara's interest the MOST is

• A. Sociobiology
• B. Bioclimatology
• C. Marine biology
• D. Freshwater biology

Explanation: The correct answer is bioclimatology because it focuses on the interactions between the biosphere and climatic conditions, making it directly relevant to understanding global environmental changes and their impacts on ecosystems. In contrast, sociobiology deals with social behaviors in organisms, marine biology is limited to marine environments, and freshwater biology pertains only to freshwater ecosystems, none of which address the broader concept of global environmental change.

113. The given statements represent an example of deductive reasoning.I. Red meat contains iron.II. Beef is red meat.III. Beef contains iron.The statement(s) that indicate(s) the specific conclusion of the deductive reasoning is

• A. II only
• B. III only
• C. I and II
• D. I and III

Explanation: In deductive reasoning, a specific conclusion is drawn from general statements or premises. Here, Statement I is a general premise stating that red meat contains iron, and Statement II identifies beef as red meat. Statement III logically follows as the specific conclusion that beef contains iron, based on the premises. Therefore, the correct answer is Option B. Statement II alone is not a conclusion, and Statement I is part of the premises, not the conclusion.

114. The branch of science dealing with the classification of life forms is called:

• A. Taxonomy
• B. Ecology
• C. Morphology
• D. Physiology

Explanation: Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the classification, naming, and identification of organisms. It involves grouping organisms based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships.

115. One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that:

• A. They provide a beautiful area for recreation
• B. One can observe tropical plants there
• C. They allow ex-situ conservation of germplasm
• D. They provide a natural habitat for wildlife

Explanation: Ex-situ conservation means "off-site conservation." It is the process of protecting endangered species of plants and animals by removing them from an unsafe or threatened habitat and placing them or part of them under the care of humans. Botanical gardens serve as ex-situ conservation of germplasm of different plants, to maintain rare and endemic plant species, and also to provide recreation and knowledge about plants to the common man.

116. Following is the largest organ in human body.

• A. Skin
• B. Liver
• C. Large intestine
• D. Both A and B

Explanation: Skin covers our entire body hence has the largest surface area out of all the organs.

117. The Compound Microscope was first used by;

• A. A.V. Leeuwenhoek
• B. Pasteur
• C. Hans
• D. Janssen

Explanation: The first compound microscopes date to 1590, but it was the Dutch Antony Van Leeuwenhoek in the mid-seventeenth century who first used them to make discoveries.Option B,C and D are incorrect.

118. Which of the following is the lowest level of biological organization with respect to others?

• A. Multicellular organisms
• B. Biosphere
• C. Species
• D. Population

Explanation: Option A is correct since Multicellular organism level is the lowest that consist only one organism.Option B is incorrect because Biosphere is the thin layer of earth where all types of life exist, it is highest level.Option C is incorrect because Specie is very similar , potentially interbreeding organisms it is next to organism level.Option D is incorrect because Population is members of one species inhibiting the same area and it is next to specie level.

119. The part of the body which forms a structural and functional unit and is composed of more than one tissue is called

• A. Organ
• B. Organelle
• C. Organ system
• D. Whole organism

Explanation: An organ is defined as a collection of tissues, which combine to form a functional unit within the body, specialized at carrying out a specific task.

120. _ is the branch of Biology used for the identification and interpretation of fossils.

• A. Evolution
• B. Paleontology
• C. Zoogeography
• D. Biodiversity

Explanation: Palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life on Earth using geological methods such as studying preserved remains of an organism in a sediment, also known as fossil. Hence this option is correct.