There is a hole in the bottom of tank having water. If total pressure at bottom is 3 atm (1 atm 105N/m2) then the velocity of water flowing from hole is:
Correct answer: A. 20 m/s
- A. 20 m/s
- B. 10 m/s
- C. 30 m/s
- D. None
Explanation
To determine the velocity of the water flowing from the hole, we use Bernoulli's equation: P + 0.5ρv2 + ρgh = constant. Given that the total pressure at the bottom is 3 atm, which is equivalent to 3 * 105 N/m2, and assuming atmospheric pressure is at the top, the velocity can be determined using the equation v = √(2gh). Here, h is determined by the pressure difference between inside and outside the tank. With 1 atm being the atmospheric pressure, the effective pressure contributing to flow is 2 atm. Therefore, the velocity is 20 m/s. Options B (10 m/s) and C (30 m/s) are incorrect as they do not match the velocity derived from the given pressure, and Option D (None) is incorrect as a specific velocity is calculable.
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Fluid flow is described through speed, pressure and density, including steady flow and the equation of continuity for conserving mass. Bernoulli's equation relates pressure, speed and height, while fluid drag and terminal velocity explain why a falling object eventually moves at constant speed when drag balances its weight.
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