Moderate

The solubility product of AgCl is 2.0 x 10^-10 mol-2 dm-6. The maximum concentration of Ag+1 ions in the solution is:

Correct answer: B. 1.41 x 10^-5 mol dm-3

  • A. 2.0 x 10^-12 mol dm-3
  • B. 1.41 x 10^-5 mol dm-3
  • C. 1.0 x 10^-12 mol dm-3
  • D. 2.5 x 10^-10 mol dm-3

Explanation

To find the maximum concentration of Ag+ ions in a solution of AgCl, we consider the dissolution process: AgCl(s) → Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq). The solubility product expression is given by Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-]. Since the stoichiometry indicates that one mole of AgCl produces one mole of Ag+ and one mole of Cl-, we can denote their concentrations as [Ag+] = [Cl-] = s, where 's' represents solubility in mol dm-3. Thus, Ksp = s². Given Ksp = 2.0 x 10-10 mol2 dm-6, we can solve for 's': s² = 2.0 x 10-10, leading to s = √(2.0 x 10-10) ≈ 1.41 x 10-5 mol dm-3, which represents the maximum concentration of Ag+ ions.The other options are incorrect because they either stem from miscalculations or a misunderstanding of how to apply the Ksp expression and stoichiometry involved in the dissolution of AgCl.

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About Chemical Equilibrium

Reversible reactions reach dynamic equilibrium when forward and reverse rates become equal, and Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of changing concentration, pressure or temperature. The chapter also covers solubility product, the common ion effect, buffer action and the conditions used in Haber's process, with equilibrium shifts distinguished from changes in the equilibrium constant.

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