o- and p-nitrophenol are formed by the reaction of _ with phenol at 25°C:
Correct answer: B. dil. HNO3
- A. conc. H2SO4
- B. dil. HNO3
- C. NaOH with benzene sulphonic acid
- D. Sodium phenoxide with HCI
Explanation
The correct reagent for the formation of o- and p-nitrophenol from phenol at 25°C is dilute nitric acid (dil. HNO3). This reaction occurs through an electrophilic substitution mechanism where the nitric acid donates an electrophile to the phenol, leading to the formation of o- and p-nitrophenol at the ortho and para positions.Concentrated sulfuric acid (conc. H2SO4), NaOH with benzene sulfonic acid, and sodium phenoxide with HCl are not the correct reagents for this specific reaction and mechanism.
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Hydrocarbons are studied through the structures and reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds. Coverage includes free radical substitution in alkanes, electrophilic addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds, benzene substitution, aromatic stability and the difference between addition reactions of alkenes and substitution reactions of benzene.
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