Addition of HCN to acetaldehyde in the presence of dilute mineral acid and sodium cyanide forms
Correct answer: B. Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
- A. Formaldehyde cyanohydrin
- B. Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
- C. Acetone cyanohydrin
- D. Butanone cyanohydrin
Explanation
When HCN is added to a carbonyl compound like acetaldehyde, a nucleophilic addition reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of a cyanohydrin. The cyanohydrin contains a nitrile (-CN) and a hydroxyl (-OH) group on the same carbon atom. Since acetaldehyde is the carbonyl compound used, the product is acetaldehyde cyanohydrin. The other options involve different starting carbonyl compounds (formaldehyde, acetone, butanone) and are therefore incorrect in this context.
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About Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain the polar carbonyl group, but aldehydes are generally more readily oxidised and more reactive than ketones. Coverage includes preparation by oxidation or reduction routes, nucleophilic addition of reagents such as hydrogen cyanide and bisulfite, and tests that distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
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