Free Kingdom Prokaryotae MCQs with Answers

501. Robert Koch discovered bacteria that cause?

• A. Tuberculosis and thyphoid
• B. Tuberculosis and measles
• C. Tuberculosis and cholera
• D. All of the above

Explanation: German physician Robert Koch was one of the founders of bacteriology. He discovered the anthrax disease cycle (1876) and the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis (1882) and cholera (1883).

502. Who discovered the bacteria causing Tuberculosis and also developed various techniques of media preparation and maintenance of pure culture?

• A. Robert Koch
• B. Louis Pasteur
• C. Alexander Fleming
• D. Leeuwenhoek

Explanation: Robert Koch was a German scientist who discovered the causative agents for deadly diseases like tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. He discovered solid culture media and was the first to obtain a pure culture of bacteria.

503. Name the cyanobacteria which are helpful in fixing atmospheric nitrogen.

• A. Heterocysts.
• B. Akinetes.
• C. Nostoc.
• D. Hormogonia.

Explanation: Heterocysts are specialized cells found in certain filamentous cyanobacteria that are crucial for the process of nitrogen fixation. These cells create an anaerobic environment that is necessary for the nitrogenase enzyme complex to function effectively and convert atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3), which can then be utilized by the organism and other nearby plants.

504. Which of the following is aerobic bacterium?

• A. Spirochete
• B. E. coli
• C. Cyanobacteria
• D. Pseudomonas

Explanation: Explanation:This option is correct because pseudomonas is an aerobic bacteria. This option is not correct because Spirochete is an anaerobic bacterium. This option is incorrect because E.coli is a facultative anaerobe.This option is also incorrect because cyanobacteria are also anaerobic.

505. The giant amoebas inhabit mud at the bottom of freshwater ponds and obtain energy from:

• A. Microscopic bacteria
• B. Anaerobic bacteria
• C. Aerobic bacteria
• D. Methanogenic bacteria

Explanation: Explanation:The giant amoebas obtain energy from methanogenic bacteria which reside inside them, giant amoebas inhabit the mud at the bottom of the freshwater ponds where they contribute to degradation of organic molecules.The giant amoebas inhabit mud at the bottom of freshwater ponds and obtain energy from methanogenic bacteria, not from microscopic bacteria.The giant amoebas inhabit mud at the bottom of freshwater ponds and obtain energy from methanogenic bacteria, not from microscopic bacteria The giant amoebas inhabit mud at the bottom of freshwater ponds and obtain energy from methanogenic bacteria, not from aerobic bacteria.

506. The first microbe to have the genome completely sequenced which was published on July 28th, 1995 was:

• A. Hyphomicrobium
• B. Haemophilus aquaticus
• C. Haemophillus malariae
• D. Haemophillus infulenzae

Explanation: H. influenzae was the first free-living organism to have its entire genome sequenced.

507. Cell wall structure of a cell of unknown origin was studied and was found to contain a polysaccharide chain linked with short chains of amino acid.What do you think it can be?

• A. Bacteria
• B. Fungi Cell
• C. Algae
• D. Cortex cells

Explanation: Bacterias have their cell walls made from peptidoglycan which is known to have sugars and amino acids as its constituents.

508. In which of the following shapes, gut living symbiont Escherichia coli is found?

• A. Round
• B. Oval
• C. Spiral
• D. Rod

Explanation: Escherichia coli is an example of rod shaped bacteria, also called Bacilli.

509. Rod-shaped bacteria are known as

• A. Spirilla
• B. Bacilli
• C. Spirochete
• D. Cocci

Explanation: Bacilli are rod shaped bacteria. Cocci are spherical shaped bacteria. Spirillas are corkscrew shaped bacteria. Spirochetes are any group of spiral shaped bacteria.

510. Cell wall may be absent in which of the following?

• A. Plant & Algae
• B. Algae & Fungi
• C. Fungi & Archaea
• D. Bacteria & Archaea

Explanation: Bacteria and Archaea are the groups where cell walls may be absent. While many bacteria have cell walls, there are some bacteria such as Mycoplasma species, that lack a rigid cell wall. Archaea also have diverse cell envelope structures, and not all of them have a cell wall.