Free Kingdom Prokaryotae MCQs with Answers

431. Which of the following structure primarily helps in attachment of bacteria on various surfaces?

• A. Pilli
• B. Flagella
• C. Both A and B
• D. None of these

Explanation: Flagella help in locomotion whereas pilli help in attachment.

432. If lipopolysaccharides did not appear in the wall of bacteria on staining, then it will be known as_:

• A. Gram-positive
• B. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
• C. Gram-negative
• D. Capsule

Explanation: If lipopolysaccharides (LPS) did not appear in the wall of bacteria on staining, it would be known as Gram-positive bacteria

433. All of the following are examples of substances found in bacteria or archaea except :

• A. Peptidoglycans
• B. Flagellin
• C. Bacteriorhodopsin
• D. Chitin

Explanation: Chitin is found in fungal cell walls 1 arthropod exoskeletons, not in bacteria or archaea, whereas peptidoglycan, flagellin, and bacteriorhodopsin are found in bacteria/archaea.

434. Streptobacillus is basically a

• A. Single cell
• B. Chain of bacilli
• C. Pairs of bacilli
• D. All of Above

Explanation: It is a genus of facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria (family Fusobacteriaceae) in which the individual cells are often joined in a chain.

435. Which of the following contains genes for drug and disease resistance in bacteria?

• A. Plasmid
• B. Nucleotide
• C. Mesosomes
• D. All of these

Explanation: Plasmids often contain drug-resistant, heavy metals, disease, and insect-resistant genes on them. Plasmids are small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that are separate from the chromosomal DNA in bacterial cells. They are commonly found in many bacterial species and can carry genes that provide various advantages to the host bacterium.

436. Which of the following structure is not present in all the bacteria?

• A. Cell membrane
• B. Chromatin
• C. Ribosome
• D. Capsule

Explanation: Not all bacteria have capsules present. They all have a slime layer but this is only classified as a capsule when visible under the microscope.

437. Which of the following characteristics make plasmid DNA useful for researchers?

• A. Readily incorporate cloned DNA
• B. Capable of autonomous replication
• C. Capable of being isolated from genomic DNA
• D. All of these

Explanation: All of these characteristics collectively make plasmid DNA a valuable tool for researchers, as they enable the introduction, replication, and isolation of specific DNA sequences for various applications in molecular biology and genetic engineering.

438. Those bacteria which are fully dependent upon their host for nutrition are called?

• A. Heterotrophic bacteria
• B. Saprotrophic bacteria
• C. Chemosynthetic bacteria
• D. Parasitic bacteria

Explanation: Parasitic bacteria are those which obtain nutrients from the host they live on, they rely on the host for their food.

439. Single cell of rod shaped bacteria is called as:

• A. Bacilli
• B. Strephylobaccilus
• C. Bacillus
• D. Diplobacilli

Explanation: A. Rod shaped bacteria (plural)B. Chain of bacilliD. Pair arrangement

440. Which of the following organelles are present in all the bacteria?

• A. Mesosome
• B. Ribosomes
• C. Golgi bodies
• D. Mitochondria

Explanation: The correct answer is 'Ribosomes.' In bacteria, which are prokaryotic organisms, ribosomes are present and essential for protein synthesis. These are not membrane-bound and are found throughout the cytoplasm. Other options such as Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells, not in bacteria. Mesosomes were once thought to be a common organelle in bacteria, but they are now largely considered artifacts of cell preparation.