Free Kingdom Fungi MCQs with Answers

161. The common economic gains due to fungi are:

• A. Used to inhibit fungal growth
• B. Provides flavour, aroma, and colour to some cheese
• C. Source of natural dyes
• D. All these

Explanation: The correct answer is All these because fungi have multiple economic benefits. They are utilized in the medical industry for producing antibiotics like penicillin, which help inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. In the food industry, fungi such as Penicillium play a crucial role in cheese production, providing distinct flavors, aromas, and appearances. Additionally, fungi can be a source of natural dyes used in various industries. The other options focus on singular benefits but do not encompass the full range of economic contributions by fungi.

162. Which one of the following is wrong for fungi?

• A. They are eukaryotic.
• B. All fungi possess a purely cellulosic cell wall.
• C. They are heterotrophic.
• D. They are both unicellular and multicellular.

Explanation: Cell wall in fungi is composed of chitin, a polysaccharide comprising NacetylD glucosamine (a derivative of glucose).

163. Which one is a wrong statement?

• A. Haploid endosperm is typical feature of Gymnosperms.
• B. Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin.
• C. Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms.
• D. Mucor has biflagellate zoospores.

Explanation: Mucor is a member of Zygomycetes (the conjugation fungi) in which motile cells e.g. zoospores, planogametes, etc. are absent. Asexual reproduction takes place by the formation of non motile mitospores called sporangiospores. Sexual reproduction takes place by the formation of non motile zygospores.

164. Which one of the following matches is correct?

• A. Mucor Reproduction by Conjugation Ascomycetes
• B. Agaricus Parasitic fungus Basidiomycetes
• C. Phytophthora Aseptate Basidiomycetes mycelium
• D. Alternaria Sexual reproduction absent Deuteromycetes

Explanation: Alternaria is a Deuteromycetes member which are also known as fungi imperfecti. Their perfect stages (sexually reproducing stages) are either absent or not known.

165. Which one of the following is incorrectly matched?

• A. Root pressureguttation
• B. Pucciniasmut
• C. Rootexarch protoxylem
• D. Cassiaimbricate aestivation

Explanation: Rust is a group of parasitic fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota. Many of these species attack the leaves and stems of cereal crops. Pathogens of rust are Puccinia, Uromyces, Melampsora, Hemileia.

166. Which one is the wrong pairing for the disease and its causal organism?

• A. Black rust of wheat Puccinia graminis
• B. Loose smut of wheat Ustilago nuda
• C. Root knot of vegetables Meloidogyne sp.
• D. Late blight of potato Alternaria solani

Explanation: Late blight of potato disease is caused by Phytophthora infestans. It is a phycomycetes fungus. Alternaria solani is the causal organism of early blight of potato disease.

167. Lichens are well known combination of an alga and a fungus where fungus has

• A. an epiphytic relationship with the alga
• B. a parasitic relationship with alga
• C. a symbiotic relationship with alga.

Explanation: Lichens are peculiar dual organisms produced by the intimate association of two organisms: a fungus and an alga. The association between the two organisms is symbiosis. Both the organisms are mutually benefitted in this association and are dependent on each other. The algal cell photosynthesizes with the help of chloroplast. Therefore lichens are autotrophic. A part of these manufactured carbohydrates are used by the alga in its nutrition, the rest is supplied to the fungal partner. The fungus in turn provides water and nutrients which it absorbs from the soil using the rhizoidal hyphae. Thus both the partners get benefitted from each other. The algal partner is called phycobiont and the fungal partner is called mycobiont.

168. Formation of ascospores or basidiospores is the consequence of:

• A. Karyogamy
• B. Dikaryotization
• C. Diploidization
• D. Meiosis

Explanation: Answer is "Meiosis"Explanation: Both basidiospores and ascospores are haploid spores formed from diploid nucleus by reduction division or mitosis.

169. Which one of the following statements about spores of fungi is wrong?

• A. These are produced by the sexual process
• B. These are produced by the asexual process
• C. These are haploid
• D. These are motile and flagellate

Explanation: Answer is "These are motile and flagellate"Explanation: Fungi produces non-motile spores which lack flagella.

170. Mention some unique characteristics of the fungi:

• A. Absorptive heterotrophic mode of nutrition
• B. Occurrence of chitin
• C. Capability of reproduction
• D. Nuclear mitosis

Explanation: Answer is "Nuclear mitosis"Explanation: Nuclear mitosis is a unique feature of fungi as no other group of organisms carries out nuclear mitosis.